Shahid Beheshti UniversitySustainable Earth Review2717-17011320210701Comparison of stratigraphic rock and sedimentary environment of Shemshak formation in Central Alborz: sections Glendrood - Lavij – Vaz, Iran1119901410.48308/sustainearth.2021.99014ENVida OsanluDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Unit, Tehran, IranDavod JahaniDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Unit, Tehran, IranAli SolgiDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Unit, Tehran, IranJournal Article20201128The study area lockated in the central Allborz whch is in accordance with U shape Caspian Sea. In this Research Shemshak Formtion in the Glandrud region has been Studid and compared in three Section A, B, C in therm Litology Effective Tectonice prossesing in the Formation,Sedementary Environment and Squence of Calasses. These Sections are consisting of sedementry Layer of shemshak Formation, the layer bandray (Elika Formtion & older Formtion) and upper bandray(Lar-Dalichai) in the type section desegnation of shemshak 4 litozone the litilogy of this intity is much more diverse. Sedementry rocks in the studied area are based on desert traps including sandeston types such as quartzit conglomerent, laterite, sub liticarenait, shaillean thin layers and Coal which are Generally Paraconformity or angular unconformity with dolomitic – calcrus cross. on the due to the earlier Cimmerian orogeny phse, carbonate sedimentary environment changed to coal depasetis formation.the UPPER Triassic carbonat rocks in the study area are somtime contain oroganic matte and iron oxide hidroxid of shemshak which formed in the sedementry Environment tidal flats or lagoon. In addition the lateritic section at the base of shemshak formation shows the sedementry discontinuity of the earlier cimmirian land tenure phase.In the section A at the base of shemshak formation is on the part of Laterit Hoeizon but at the upper part bordered Dalichai formation. At th section of B on the in the hillside of Sordar the Lower boundray of Shemshak Formation contain Laterit Hoeizon the form of Paraconformity and is located on Elika Formation but the upper boundary in the form of angular unconformity bordered Dalichai formation. At th section of C lower boundary of shemshak formation does not contain bauxite- laterit and is located on the Elika formation and the upper bandray ends in direction of Dalichai Formation. in term sedimentary environment Dolomit–Limeston formed in the Tidal Flats, Sandeston in the shallow coastal or condition open River and Coal has been depasited castal marsh and sowamp. The bauxite – Laterit horizon are of peneplain type.Shahid Beheshti UniversitySustainable Earth Review2717-17011320210701Hydro geochemical properties and groundwater quality using FGQI method from the stand point of Iranian standards and World Health Organization A case study in Naqadeh plain, Iran12239901510.48308/sustainearth.2021.99015ENBehzad Saeedi RazaviInstitute of Technology and Engineering, Standard Research Institute, Karaj, Iran0000-0001-8306-5253Saeedeh SenemariDepartment of Mining Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, IranJournal Article20201129Excessive exploitation of groundwater resources has negatively affected their equilibrium and the groundwater level in several aquifers. Naghade plain (one of Urmia lake aquifers) requires a proper and qualitative management which has suffered a decline in recent years. One of the most important indicators for assessing and zoning the quality of groundwater is to measure the concentration of water ions and determine the groundwater quality index (GQI) by combining the concentration of ions and their relationship with safe standards. The purpose of this study is to apply GQI and FGQI methods for assessing groundwater quality in Naghade plain, based on the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Standard of Iran (INSO). For this purpose, the chemical parameters were used for sampling and analysis of hydro geochemical parameters and compared with the WHO and INSO standards. Due to the uncertainty that exists, the ability of the fuzzy set in the decision making process with the Fuzzy GQI method and the water quality of the area were studied based on the FGQI method. The results of FGQI were based on two WHO and INSO standards of between 0 and 100 variables and groundwater quality in terms of the totally undesirable levels. Finally, the FGQI method in threshold values is considered better than the GQI method and gradual changes in groundwater quality are considered and is a useful method for assessing groundwater quality in the area.Shahid Beheshti UniversitySustainable Earth Review2717-17011320210701Identification and analysis spatial areas of urban poverty in Shahrekord neighborhoods, Iran24359902110.48308/sustainearth.2021.99021ENSaeed Yousefi BabadiDepartment of Geography and urban planing, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti university of Tehran, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-5734-7767Hooman GoodarziDepartment of Geography and urban planing, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti university of Tehran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20201201One of the most important topics in development economics texts is the issue of poverty, measuring and reducing it and poverty alleviation. The first step in planning to fight poverty and reducing inequality is to have a proper understanding of the poverty situation. According to this issue, the purpose of this study is identifying and analyzing urban poverty as well as its spatial distribution in the neighborhoods of Shahrekord and to formulate and present suggestions and solutions appropriate to the approach of organizing human societies in order to address its unhealthy conditions. The present article has taken a cognitive and exploratory approach in terms of purpose and is considered evaluative-comparative in terms of method that after explaining the concept of urban poverty with the help of quantitative and qualitative data (statistical block 2016, Upstream plans, land use maps, etc.) of 40 indicators in the form of four main economic, social, cultural and physical variables has been classified using TOPSIS and AHP methods and has identified and distributed the spatial distribution of urban poverty in Shahrekord neighborhoods with ARC GIS software. Urban poverty was addressed in Shahrekord neighborhoods and a map of poverty distribution was drawn. The results show that Koreh, Borveh Pahneh, Darb Darreh, Ashtaftak and Mahdieh neighborhoods were identified as poor and targets for planning. Shahid Beheshti UniversitySustainable Earth Review2717-17011320210701Monitoring the interactions between rivers and sand dunes using remote sensing36459902010.48308/sustainearth.2021.99020ENNemat MalamiriDepartment of Geography, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IranJournal Article20201129The performance of rivers and winds is an important factor in improving landscapes and shaping the earth's surface. Iran is located in an Arid region and the sand plain and sand dunes, have a lot of expansion and at the same time, most rivers terminate in this area. Therefore, an interaction between river process and sand dunes in 16 mining sites was studied using satellite images taken from Google Earth. Key features such as wind and river direction, type of sand dunes and river channel pattern were determined at each location. The interactions were also classified into five types, each of which determines the dominance between the river process or the wind process. The results showed that there is a significant relation between the pattern of rivers and sand dunes, so that in places where the longitudinal hills are expanded, the channel pattern is more meandering and in places where the hills are more dynamic, the river becomes arterial. Also, regarding the relation between processes and river patterns, there is a significant relation between multi-branch pattern and processes and on sites that are dominated by wind, the Alpine Channel is mostly arterial, but little connection was found between the meandering pattern and the processes studied.Shahid Beheshti UniversitySustainable Earth Review2717-17011320210701Prioritizing tourism destination waterfall for tourism investment and development in Lorestan Province, Iran46549901710.48308/sustainearth.2021.99017ENPegah MoridsadatDepartment of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-6656-5838Ahmad RoumianiDepartment of Geography and Rural Planning, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, IranSoroush Sanaei MoghaddamDepartment of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-6886-3214Journal Article20191231Tourism is a key strategy of development in all international to the local level. It uses human and natural capacities and attractions and improves sustainable development indicators like diversifying economic diversification, job and income generation, empowering local people, preserving human and natural heritage, equitable distribution of income, infrastructure and services, reducing emigration, etc. Waterfalls and cascades as considerable natural attractions are some of the interesting tourism sources around the world that attract domestic and foreign tourists. Realizing this potential depends on appropriate investment that needs identifying and introducing their relative advantages. So, the purpose of this study is to prioritize tourism destination waterfalls in Lorestan province to introduce them for investment, so to be a stimulating factor for the regional economy and also better planning for tourism-based development in the province. This is applied and descriptive-analytical. Documentary and field study used to data gathering and the ELECTRE techniques to analyze the data. The findings showed that Nojian waterfall was the priority for investment and development of tourism in Lorestan province.Shahid Beheshti UniversitySustainable Earth Review2717-17011320210701Assessment of Ecotourism Potential Using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and Geographic Information System (GIS) in Do Hezar, Mazandaran Province, Iran71559901910.48308/sustainearth.2021.99019ENAli Reza Salehipour MilaniDepartment of Physical Geography, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-3869-5189Saba Pakzad AslDepartment of Physical Geography, Faculty of Earth Science, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, IraJournal Article20201128The present research was done to identify and map ecotourism suitability and potential using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and geographic information system (GIS) in Do Hezar watershed, Hyrcanian<strong> </strong>forests, north of Iran. Assessment of ecotourism suitability for study area could lead to improving economic situation of people and better conservation of natural resources. The analysis process was performed to produce an ecotourism suitability map, using 12 criteria selected using questionnaires completed by 50 specialists and experts in the fields of ecotourism and natural resource management. These criteria included roughness elevation, slope, rainfall, lithology, soil, land use, distance from rivers, distance from roads, distance from villages, distance from fault, and vegetation density, that were demonstrated to be related to land use planning for ecotourism. The FAHP was applied to determine weights of criteria. The weighted map was overlaid and ecotourism potential was determined on the map. The results indicated that 52.4% of the area of Do Hezar watershed has high and very high potential for development of ecotourism site. The FAHP methods were useful to determine and identify ecotourism suitability areas in order to develop ecotourism planning in the study area.