Presenting an Optimal Model of Urban Justice in Sari City by Using Structural Equation Model

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors

Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Se. C., Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to design an urban justice model in Sari City. This study is applied in terms of purpose, exploratory in terms of data collection method, and qualitative and quantitative (mixed) in terms of data nature. The data collection method in the qualitative part was interviews, and the analysis method was the Grounded Theory technique in the MAXQDA 2018 software environment. In the quantitative part, the data were analyzed using the Delphi technique and then structural equations. The statistical population in the qualitative part included 15 senior managers of Sari Municipality and academic elites from the fields of urban management and planning, who were interviewed in-depth using the snowball method until theoretical saturation was reached. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included all employees of Sari Municipality, and to measure the model, a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among 285 of the samples using the relative cluster sampling method. The research findings showed that the factor loading of all items was more than 0.6, which means the validity of the items. Also, considering the value of the path coefficients obtained among the variables, it can be stated that all the existing relationships between the variables were positive and direct, with the highest relationship being related to the spatial justice variable, which was equal to 0.471, and the lowest factor being the structural justice variable with a path coefficient of 0.177. The findings indicate that the proposed urban justice model for Sari City is valid and reliable, with all item loadings above 0.6. Spatial justice emerged as the most influential factor, while structural justice had the least impact, highlighting the need to prioritize spatial considerations in urban planning for enhancing overall urban justice.

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Sustainable Earth Trends

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 29 November 2025

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